pthh: Fe₂O₃ + 3H₂SO₄ ===> Fe₂(SO₄)₃ + 3H₂O

nFe₂O₃ = 8/160 = 0,05 (mol)

nH₂SO₄ = \(\dfrac{300\times9,8\%}{98}\)= 0,3 (mol)

ta thấy: \(\dfrac{0,05}{1}\)<\(\dfrac{0,3}{3}\) (mol)

⇒ Fe₂O₃ phản ứng hết, H₂SO₄ còn dư

theo pthh: nH₂SO₄ phản ứng = 3nFe₂O₃ phản ứng = 0,15 (mol)

nFe₂O₃ = nFe₂(SO₄)₃ = 0,05 (mol)

⇒ mFe₂(SO₄)₃ = 0,05 \(\times\) 400 = 20g

nH₂SO₄ dư = nH₂SO₄ ban đầu - nH₂SO₄ phản ứng = 0,3 -0,15 = 0,15 (mol)

mH₂SO₄ dư = 0,15 \(\times\) 98 = 14,7 g

mdd sau phản ứng = mFe₂O₃ + mdd H₂SO₄ = 300 + 8 = 308 (g)

C% Fe₂(SO₄)₃ = \(\dfrac{20}{308}\times100\%\) = 6,49 (%)

C% H₂SO₄ dư = \(\dfrac{14,7}{308}\times100\%\) = 4,77 (%)

\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{21,6}{27}=0,8\left(mol\right)\)

Pt : \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O|\)

        2             3                  1                3

       0,8          1,2               0,4             1,2

a) \(n_{H2}=\dfrac{0,8.3}{2}=1,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(V_{H2\left(dktc\right)}=1,2.22,4=26,88\left(l\right)\)

b) \(n_{H2SO4}=\dfrac{0,8.3}{2}=1,2\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ \(m_{H2SO4}=1,2.98=117,6\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{ddH2SO4}=\dfrac{117,6.100}{29,4}=400\left(g\right)\)

c) \(n_{Al2\left(SO4\right)3}=\dfrac{1,2.1}{3}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ \(m_{Al2\left(SO4\right)3}=0,4.342=136,8\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{ddspu}=21,6+400-\left(1,2.2\right)=419,2\left(g\right)\)

\(C_{Al2\left(SO4\right)3}=\dfrac{136,8.100}{419,2}=32,63\)⁰/₀

 Chúc bạn học tốt

$n_{Fe_2O_3} = 0,05(mol)$
$n_{H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{150.20\%}{98} = \dfrac{15}{49}(mol)$

$Fe_2O_3 + 3H_2SO_4 \to Fe_2(SO_4)_3 + 3H_2O$

Ta thấy : 

$n_{Fe_2O_3} : 1 < n_{H_2SO_4} :3$ nên $H_2SO_4$ dư

$m_{dd\ sau\ pư} = 8 + 150 = 158(gam)$

$n_{H_2SO_4\ dư} = \dfrac{15}{49} - 0,05.3 = \dfrac{153}{980}(mol)$

$n_{Fe_2(SO_4)_3} = 0,025(mol)$

$C\%_{H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{   \dfrac{153}{980}.98}{158} .100\% = 9,7\%$

$C\%_{Fe_2(SO_4)_3} = \dfrac{0,025.400}{158}.100\% = 6,3\%$

\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{32}{160}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{H_2SO_4}=196.40\%=78,4\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{78,4}{98}=0,8\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Fe₂O₃ + 3H₂SO₄ → Fe₂(SO₄)₃ + 3H₂O

Mol:       0,2             0,6              0,2

Ta có: \(\dfrac{0,2}{1}< \dfrac{0,8}{3}\) ⇒ Fe₂O₃ hết, H₂SO₄ dư

m_{dd sau pứ} = 32 + 196 = 228 (g)

\(C\%_{ddFe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,2.400.100\%}{228}=35,09\%\)

\(C\%_{ddH_2SO_4dư}=\dfrac{\left(0,8-0,6\right).98.100\%}{228}=8,596\%\)

\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{20}{160}=0,125\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH:

\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\)

0,125     0,375             0,125           0,375 

\(m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,375.98.100}{25}=147\left(g\right)\)

\(C\%_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,125.406}{20+147}\approx30,39\%\)

\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{1,6}{80}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)

Pt : \(CuO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow CuSO_4+H_2O|\)

          1           1                1            1

       0,02                         0,02

\(n_{CuSO4}=\dfrac{0,02.1}{1}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ \(m_{CuSO4}=0,02,160=3,2\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{ddspu}=1,6+300=301,6\left(g\right)\)

\(C_{CuSO4}=\dfrac{3,2.100}{301,6}=1,6\)⁰/₀

 Chúc bạn học tốt

PTHH: \(Fe_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\)

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{200\cdot9,8\%}{98}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}>\dfrac{0,2}{3}\) \(\Rightarrow\) Fe₂O₃ còn dư, tính theo axit 

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe_2O_3\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{1}{30}\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,1\cdot400=40\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe_2O_3\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{1}{30}\cdot160\approx5,3\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow C\%_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{40}{16+200-5,3}\cdot100\%\approx18,98\%\)

Ta có: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

Ta lại có: \(C_{\%_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{m_{H_2SO_4}}{294}.100\%=20\%\)

=> \(m_{H_2SO_4}=58,8\left(g\right)\)

=> \(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{58,8}{98}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2Al + 3H₂SO₄ ---> Al₂(SO₄)₃ + 3H₂

Ta thấy: \(\dfrac{0,2}{1}=\dfrac{0,6}{3}\)

Vậy không có chất dư.

Theo PT: \(n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}.n_{Al}=\dfrac{1}{2}.0,2=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,1.342=34,2\left(g\right)\)

Ta có: \(m_{dd_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}}=294+5,4-\left(\dfrac{3}{2}.0,2.2\right)=298,8\left(g\right)\)

=> \(C_{\%_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}}=\dfrac{34,2}{298,8}.100\%=11,45\%\)